i have vague memories of a post by someone from AC saying aquabus was too slow for the amount of traffic required for RGBpx, but i can't find where it was.
But.. the Octo will still be able to run ARGB without windows with control from its on board sensors, (but not on delta T obviously).
I also recall Aquacomputer stating that Aquabus has insufficient bandwidth for RGBpx data. I do wonder how much data actually runs back and forth between Aquasuite and the controller when its just sitting there playing back a preset. When you configure a preset, Aquasuite pushes that data across USB, but once its in the device, it does not seem like there would be that much data going back and forth. This excludes having things like virtual sensors or temps not local to the Octo control the LEDs. For that you need Aquasuite running and USB connected.
If you just want basic solid colors, or presets that do not require external data or virtual sensor output, I think that once you configure that preset, the Octo will just start playing it when it boots up. I know the Farbwerk360 does this. My LEDs controlled by a Farbwerk360 start doing their thing as soon as the Farbwerk360 and the LEDs have power. The presets I have set up do not involve virtual sensors or data sources not local to the Farbwerk360. The Octo ports are probably the same. I have an Octo, but am not using the RGBpx ports on it so I don't know for sure. I think it you connect the Octo via USB, boot into Windows, run Aquasuite and set up presets that do not require external data or derived data (virtual sensor), then shut down, remove the USB connection and boot into Linux, the Octo RGBpx ports should start playing back those presets.